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Why teeth drift after any treatment, and what keeps a finished smile finished.
Teeth move throughout life, with or without braces. The fibres and bone around a newly moved tooth take a year or more to settle, and even after that, faces keep changing slowly. Retainers are how a finished result stays finished. They are part of the treatment, not an optional extra at the end.
The first year after braces is when teeth most want to drift back. Retainers are worn most in this year.
After the first year, most people wear a removable retainer at night. It becomes a habit like brushing.
There is no point at which teeth stop being able to move. A retainer at night, long term, is what keeps them where they are.
The gum fibres that hold a tooth stretch as it moves and pull gently back towards where they came from. The bone around the tooth is new and soft for months. Lips, tongue and cheeks press on the teeth all day. And as we age, the lower front teeth in particular tend to crowd, whether or not there was ever treatment.
A retainer does not fight all of this constantly. It simply holds the teeth still often enough that they settle where they were placed.
Usually one or both of: a removable retainer (a clear tray or a wire-and-plastic plate) worn as directed, and a bonded retainer (a thin wire fixed to the back of the front teeth) that stays in place and works without you thinking about it. Each has its own guide in this library.
Braces move the teeth. Retainers are what keeps them there.
Last reviewed August 2026